Impact of singularity of Navier-Stokes equation upon atmospheric motion equations

Some conclusions about the smooth function classes stability for the basic system of equations of atmospheric motion and instability for Navier-Stokes equation are summarized. On the basis of this, by taking the basic system of equations of atmospheric motion via Boussinesq approximation as example to explain in detail that the instability about some simplified models of the basic system of equations for atmospheric motion is caused by the instability of Navier-Stokes equation, thereby, a principle to guarantee the stability of simplified equation is drawn in simplifying the basic system of equations.     

Sustained photon pulse revivals from inhomogeneously broadened spin ensembles

A very promising recent trend in applied quantum physics is to combine the advantageous features of different quantum systems into what is called “hybrid quantum technology”. One of the key elements in this new field will have to be a quantum memory enabling to store quanta over extended periods of time. Systems that may fulfill the demands of such applications are comb‐shaped spin ensembles coupled to a cavity. Due to the decoherence induced by the inhomogeneous ensemble broadening, the storage time of these quantum memories is, however, still rather limited. Here we demonstrate how to overcome this problem by burning well‐placed holes into the spectral spin density leading to spectacular performance in the multimode regime. Specifically, we show how an initial excitation of the ensemble leads to the emission of more than a hundred well‐separated photon pulses with a decay rate significantly below the fundamental limit of the recently proposed “cavity protection effect”.

     

非惯性系下柔性悬臂梁的振动主动控制

采用变结构控制方法对非惯性系下柔性悬臂梁的振动主动控制进行研究．重点通过算例揭示一次近似模型与传统的零次近似模型的巨大差异，以及变结构方法在控制非惯性系下柔性悬臂梁的稳态振动的有效性．结果表明，当大范围旋转运动角速度较大时，传统零次近似模型不能对动力系统进行正确的数学描述；变结构控制方法能够使得非惯性系下梁的稳态振动得到完全镇定，且该方法对转动角速度变化具有较好的鲁棒性；采用零次近似模型进行控制设计的控制效果将在某一临界角速度条件下出现失效，该临界角速度值大于静止悬臂梁的基频．     

促进其线性频散特征另一种形式的Bousinesq方程

Ｂｏｕｓｉｎｅｓｑ方程能够用于模拟表面重力波传播过程中的折射、绕射、反射以及浅化，非线性作用等现象．用不同垂直积分方法所得到的二维Ｂｏｕｓｓｉｎｅｓｑ方程形式具有不同的线性频散特征．采用两个不同的水深层的水平速度变量组合，推导出一个新形式的Ｂｏｕｓｉｎｅｓｑ方程．通过对其参数的设置可得到精确的线性频散解Ｐａｄｅ近似４阶精度．其适用范围已由原来的浅水，向深水拓进．相速误差小于２％，其拓展适用范围可达到０８个波长水深．应用所得到的新型Ｂｏｕｓｉｎｅｓｑ方程，采用有限差分法，对经典工况进行了数值模拟，其计算结果表明，计算值与物模实验值吻合较好．这说明本文新形式的Ｂｏｕｓｓｉｎｅｓｑ方程对变水深非线性效应所产生的能量频散有着较为精确的描述     

Model of Nonlinear Evolution of Long-Wave Perturbations on an Ideally Conducting Jet with Current in a Longitudinal Magnetic Field. Collision of Magnetized Jets

Within the framework of the magnetohydrodynamic approach, a system of equations is derived for nonlinear evolution of long-wave axisymmetric perturbations on a conducting fluid jet with surface electric current, located along the axis of a conducting solid cylinder in a longitudinal magnetic field. The fluid is assumed to be inviscid, incompressible, and ideally conducting, like the cylinder walls. It is shown that, if the longitudinal field is uniform and the axial flow is shear-free, this system can be either hyperbolic or elliptic-hyperbolic, depending on problem parameters. The boundaries of hyperbolicity and ellipticity regions in the space of solutions are determined. In the hyperbolicity region, equations of characteristics and conditions on them are obtained. The problem of the decay of velocity discontinuity on the jet is considered. Conditions are found for the existence of a continuous self-similar solution in the hyperbolicity region, corresponding to collision of jets.     

复变量移动最小二乘法及其应用

提出了复变量移动最小二乘法，并详细讨论了基于正交基函数的复变量移动最小二乘 法. 然后，将复变量移动最小二乘法和弹性力学的边界无单元法结合，提出了弹性力学的复 变量边界无单元法，推导了相应的公式，并给出了数值算例. 基于正交基函数的复变量移动 最小二乘法的优点是不形成病态方程组、精度高，所形成的无网格方法计算量小. 复变量边 界无单元法是边界积分方程的无网格方法的直接列式法，容易引入边界条件，且具有更高的 精度.     

Spatial Estimates for the Constrained Anisotropic Elastic Cylinder

This paper establishes spatial estimates in a prismatic (semi-infinite) cylinder occupied by an anisotropic homogeneous linear elastic material, whose elasticity tensor is strongly elliptic. The cylinder is maintained in equilibrium under zero body force, zero displacement on the lateral boundary and pointwise specified displacement over the base. The other plane end is subject to zero displacement (when the cylinder is finite, say). The limiting case of a semi-infinite cylinder is also considered and zero displacement on the remote end (at large distance) is not assumed in this case. A first approach is developed by considering two mean-square cross-sectional measures of the displacement vector whose spatial evolution with respect to the axial variable is studied by means of a technique based on a second-order differential inequality. Conditions on the elastic constants are derived that show the cross-sectional measures exhibit alternative behaviour and in particular for the semi-infinite cylinder that there is either at least exponential growth or at most exponential decay. A second approach considers cross-sectional integrals involving the displacement and its gradient and furnishes information upon the spatial evolution, without restricting the range of strongly elliptic elastic constants. Such models are principally based upon a first-order differential inequality as well as on one of second order. The general results are explicitly presented for transversely isotropic materials and graphically illustrated for a cortical bone.     

The construction and application of an atomistic J-integral via Hardy estimates of continuum fields

In this work we apply a Lagrangian kernel-based estimator of continuum fields to atomic data in order to estimate the J-integral for the analysis of cracks and dislocations. We show that this method has the properties of: consistency between the energy, stress and deformation fields; path independence of the contour integrals of the Eshelby stress; and excellent correlation with linear elastic fracture mechanics theory for appropriately constructed simulations. We discuss the appropriate reference configuration and reference energy for this type of analysis. Lastly, we use canonical examples to demonstrate that the proposed method is a direct and rational approach for estimating the configurational forces on atomic defects.     

Heat and brine transport in porous media: the Oberbeck-Boussinesq approximation revisited

This paper discusses the Oberbeck-Boussinesq approximation for heat and solute transport in porous media. In this commonly used approximation all density variations are neglected except for the gravity term in Darcy’s law. However, in the limit of vanishing density differences this gravity term disappears as well. The main purpose of this paper is to give the correct limits in which the gravity term is retained, while other density effects can be neglected. We show that for isothermal brine transport, fluid volume changes can be neglected when a condition is fulfilled for a dimensionless number, which is independent of the density difference and specific discharge. For heat transfer an additional condition is required. One-dimensional examples of simultaneous heat and brine transport are given for which similarity solutions are constructed. These examples are included to elucidate the volume effects and the corresponding induced specific discharge variations. Finally, a two-dimensional example illustrates the relative effects of volume changes and gravity.